short biography of malcolm x

He is a politician. he was one of most influential African American in the U.S. Another man who was popular in the U.S. is Muhammad Ali. He became the most Afro politician who had strong power in U.S. He was brave. He promoted black encouragement in U.S known as the black supremacy. His child name was Malcolm little. He was born on May 19,1925 in Omaha, Nebraska U.S. He embraced Islam and changed his name El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz. His father’s name was Earl Little. His mom was Louis Norton. He died because of assassination. He married Betty Shabazz. He had six children. They were Attallah Shabazz, Qubilah Shabazz,Ilyasah Shabazz, Gamilah Lumumba Shabazz, Malikah Shabazz, and Malaak Shabazz.

Living in violence was common in Malcolm Little’s life. Whites had killed his father brothers. Malcolm’s family moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1926 because of Ku Kluk Klan’s menace to Earl Little’s UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association) actions. Soon , the family shifted to Lansing, Michigan. The family had threat from the Black Legion and a white supremacist group there. In 1929 Malcom’s house was burnt. His father blamed the Black Legion. His father died because of car accident when he was about six. At the funeral of his father, someone said that the Black Legion was present behind the death of his father.

Malcolm Little was smart and intelligent student when he went to high school. He left the school after his white teacher said that his dream to work in law was not realistic for nigger. The teacher’s words made him white will not give him chance for his career because he was black.

Malcolm Little then lived with his half –sister, Ella little Collins in Roxbury, Boston. He did some different jobs there. Shortly, he moved to Flint, Michigan then Harlem, New York in 1943. He involved in drug trade, gambling, and crime. He was known as “ Detroit Red” due to his reddish hair. His grandmother was Scottish descent.

Malcolm Little was ineligible for military service. He went back to Boston in 1945. He involved in robbery of rich family. The police caught him and put him in Charlestown State Prison in 1946. He met John Bembry. His contact with Bembry made him love reading.

Nation of Islam ( NOI)

The theology of The Nation of Islam recounted that black people were superior to white people. Whites were devil. Malcolm said that Wallace Fard Muhammad, the originator of the Nation was Allah incarnate and Elijah Muhammad was his Messenger or prophet.

While Malcolm was in prison, his brother Reginald sent him a letter about the Nation of Islam. Then Malcolm joined the movement. He quit smoking and no eating pork. He wrote to Elijah Muhammad, the leader. He assured not to involve in negative deeds. He named himself Malcolm X in 1950. X meant the true African family that he could never know.

Malcolm X and Elijah Muhammad met in Chicago in 1952. He was appointed as the assistant minister of the Nation’s Temple Number 1 in Detroit. He founded Boston’s Temple Number 11 in March 1954, Temple Number 12 in Philadelphia. He became the leader of Temple Number 7 in Harlem. Under his leadership, the followers of the Nation of Islam moved up. The FBI agents commenced to shadowing him in 1953. Rapid growth of followers of the Nation of Islam and his opposition to President Truman had paid much attention of the FBI.

His powerful speeches made the Nation of Islam spread out among Afro-Americans in the U.S. Malcolm established temples in Massachusetts, Spring field ( Number 13), Harford , Connecticut ( Number 14) and Atlanta, Georgia ( Number 15). Malcolm X’s dressing was impressing. He was always well dressed. Malcolm met Betty Sanders in 1955 and married her in 1958. Betty joined the Nation of Islam in 1956. Their marriage was blessed with six children.

Malcolm X got more attention from public after the police hit a member of the Nation of Islam Johnson Hinton, on April 26, 1957. There were about five hundred people crowd near the police station. Malcolm X was permitted to speak with Hinton. He took Hinton to Harlem Hospital. Hinton was brought again to the police station. About four thousand people gathered outside now. Malcolm X went out the police station and gave a hand gesture. The crowd dismissed quietly. The New York Amsterdam News reported that a police office said that no one should have that much power.

The New York City Police Department made close watch to Malcolm X. In October, the Jury refused to accuse the officers who hit Hinton. Malcolm X sent an irritated telegram to the police commissioner. Not long after this, secret police officers were charged to get into the Nation of Islam.

Malcolm X declared in public that he left the Nation of Islam on March 8, 1964. He still grasped his faith as a Muslim. He realized that the Nation of Islam had misled the true theology of Islam itself. He focused on civil rights movement. Shortly, he switched to Sunni Muslim and went to Mecca for pilgrimage (Hajj). He established Muslim Mosque Inc. and the Organization of Afro-American Unity. His breaking relationship with the Nation of Islam caused high strain between Malcolm X and Elijah Muhammad.

Malcolm X went for Hajj in April 1964. He was postponed because his U.S nationality. He called Abdul Rahman Hasan Azzam. Azzam’s son organized his trip and lent him his hotel suite. After finishing the Hajj services Malcolm X had chance to meet the Prince Faisal as a state visitor.

Contact with the world leaders.

When Malcolm still joined the Nation of Islam, he met Fidel Castro in September 1960. He met in Harlem. He had and Castro met for two hours. Castro personally invited him to visit Cuba. Malcolm also met Gamal Abdel Nasser from Egypt, Ahmed Sekou Toure from Guinea and Kenneth Kaunda from Zambian African National Congress.

Following his Hajj, Malcolm he had tour to Africa for second time. His first trip was in 1959 to organize Elijah Muhammad’s trip. In the second tour, Malcolm met officials in Ghana, Ethiopia, Guinea, Sudan, Senegal, Algeria, Liberia, and Marocco. He also appeared on TV and radio in Egypt. He had the subsequent meeting with the Organization of African Unity. He also received invitation from Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, and Ahmed Ben Bella of Algeria. He gave speech at the University of Ibadan , Nigeria. The Nigerian Muslim students awarded him Yoruba name Omowale ( the son who has come home).

Malcolm X also visited United Kingdom on November 30, 1964. He took part in debate at the Oxford Union, which lived on BBC. He returned to Europe on February 5, 1965. He gave speech in London in front of the Council of African Organization. The following day, he was rejected in France.

The day of Assassination

The strain between the Nation of Islam and Malcolm X did not stop. The Nation leaders made public intimidation against Malcolm X. Malcolm X suffered trial of murder few times. When Malcolm X was ready to attend the Organization of Afro-American Unity in Manhattan, a riot took place in the 400 people on February 21, 1965. He and his security staffs stayed away from the crowd a man run forward and shot him in his chest with a shotgun. Other men blazed him with semi-automatic handguns. He died after he arrived at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital. The autopsy recorded there were 21 gunshot injuries in his body. The police officers caught some members of the Nation of Islam. A gunman from member of the Nation of Islam Talmadge Haver( Thomas Hagan) was beaten by the crowd before the police officers came.