short biography of Bill Richardson

Bill Richardson was born November 15, 1947, in Pasadena, California. He was raised in Mexico City (his mother was from there) until age 13, then attended a Boston-area preparatory school. In high school at Middlesex School in Concord, he joined the baseball team and was the pitcher. Embracing the dream of a professional baseball career, he went on to play at Tufts University. However, his arm developed trouble, ending his baseball career. At the University, he majored in French and political science, and went on to earn a master's degree from Tufts' Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.



He entered politics immediately after college. Starting out as an assistant to Congressman Bradford Morse from Massachusetts, he moved on to the staff of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. During the Nixon administration, he worked for the Henry Kissinger State Department. Moving to Santa Fe, New Mexico, he was elected to the House of Representatives as New Mexico's 3rd district Representative in 1982.



He was to stay on in this position until 1997. During this time, he was very active in foreign interests, visiting Nicaragua, Guatemala, Cuba, Peru, India, North Korea, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and Sudan. He also chaired the House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Native American Affairs in 1993, where he sponsored bills including the Indian Tribal Justice Act, the American Indian Religious Freedom Act Amendments, the American Indian Trust Fund Management Reform Act, the American Indian Agricultural Resource Management Act, the Indian Dams Safety Act, the Tribal Self-Governance Act, the Indian Tribal Jurisdiction Bill, and the Jicarilla Apache Tribe Water Rights Settlement Act.



In 1997, then-President Bill Clinton appointed him to be U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations. He represented the United States in various UN proceedings regarding Palestinian and Israeli interests. In 1998, he was re-appointed as the U.S. Secretary of Energy, which he held for the remainder of Bill Clinton's term. In 1998, he created the Director for Native American Affairs position and oversaw many sweeping policy changes with American Natives. He temporarily left politics by stepping down from this position in 2001.



Bill Richardson then worked a series of positions in the private sector, amongst them adjunct professor at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government and a lecturer at the Armand Hammer United World College of the American West. He was also on the board of directors for companies in the energy field, including Valero Energy Corporation and Diamond Offshore Drilling. He was also awarded a United States Institute of Peace Senior Fellowship.



After the brief time off from politics, he was elected governor of New Mexico in November 2002, surprisingly becoming that state's first Hispanic Governor. In this office, he made sweeping improvements to the fiscal system. He also started the policy to award $400,000 in life insurance coverage for New Mexico National Guardsmen who serve on active duty, a policy which was to be later taken up by 35 other states. He also worked to build up the state's infrastructure, in ways such as putting in a new rail line.



In a good pitch for progressives, he has championed the cause of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transsexual rights , by adding "sexual orientation" and "gender identity" to the official civil rights category of New Mexico. He also signed a bill to legalize marijuana for medical reasons, and responded to a question of whether this move would hurt his chances for the Presidency with the famous quote, "It doesn't matter, it was the right thing to do." And he is pro-choice.



His accomplishments to stimulate the economy of New Mexico, including a plan to establish a space tourism industry, have been so successful that "Forbes" magazine rated Albuquerque, New Mexico the best city in the U.S. for business and careers, and the Cato Institute has given him credit as one of the most fiscally responsible Democratic governors in the nation.



Bill Richardson has announced his candidacy for President in 2008. Out of all the Democratic and even Libertarian and Green candidates in 2008, he is the only possible candidate whom can be called "100% Liberal". In fact, he is shooting for the highest praise amongst Democrats, the "Progressive".



It is hard to believe that Bill Richardson has not swept the Democratic vote already. He has proven himself in policies pertaining to economy, foreign relations, civil rights and liberties, racial relations, tribal relations, education, and fiscal policy. He is indeed an as-yet-undiscovered diamond to the Liberal Democrats, but time will tell if he did, indeed, damage his chances as President by "doing the right thing", that is, by being too Liberal to attract Conservative voters.

short biography of Barack Obama -Part 2

Barack Obama was born August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii. His childhood is marked with extreme conflict and struggle. The son of a Caucasian mother from Wichita, Kansas and a Kenyan father from Nyanza Province, Kenya, his parents divorced when he was just two years old. His father was later to die in an automobile accident when he was 21 years old, and meanwhile his mother remarried and the family moved to Jakarta, Indonesia, in 1967, where he attended public school. Then he returned to Hawaii Punahou School until his graduation in 1979. He has many times expressed his difficulty in dealing with his multi-cultural, multi-national, and broken-home upbringing. His mother was also later to die of cancer in 1995, compounding his feelings of social isolation.



He first attended Occidental College for two years before transferring to Columbia University. He majored in political science and specialized in international relations, receiving his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1983. He eventually ended up in Chicago working as a community organizer, while also entering Harvard Law School by 1988. He graduated magna cum laude with a Juris Doctor degree in 1991.



He began practicing law of a sort from 1993 to 1996, by directing a voter registration drive, and joining a law firm where he took on cases involving community organizers, discrimination claims, and voting rights. In 1996 he began lecturing at the University of Chicago Law School about constitutional law, and he was also elected in that same year to the Illinois State Senate, representing the 13th district of south Chicago. He was to be re-elected to this position in 1998 and 2002.



Barack Obama's work in the State Senate was diverse and active. He drafted or sponsored legislation on ethics and health care reform, a law enhancing tax credits for low-income workers, welfare reform, and increasing subsidies for child care. He also introduced legislation to mandate videotaping of homicide interrogations, and a law to monitor racial profiling by police. He also got an endorsement from the Illinois Fraternal Order of Police, for being immensely helpful in working with police organizations on death penalty reform.



He eventually dropped out of the State Senate to seek election to the United States Senate in 2003. He is well-known for a keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston, Massachusetts, in which he shared some background of his family, spoke on the government's role in citizen's lives, questioned the ethics of President Bush's war in Iraq, and ended with a plea for national unity. This speech earned him new fame, allowing his to make an early impression on many voters. From this speech, he launched his bid for U. S. Senate.



He won the position of the U. S. Senator from Illinois by a landslide vote that was the largest electoral victory in Illinois history. In the Senate, he sponsored 152 resolutions and bills brought before the 109th Congress in 2005 and 2006, and he co-sponsored another 427. A great deal of this had to do with immigration policy and reform, including the Secure Fence Act and the Secure America and Orderly Immigration Act. Two more initiatives he introduced were one to regulating military weapons, and one to create a web access point run by the Office of Management and Budget, which lists all organizations receiving Federal funds. He also enacted the Democratic Republic of the Congo Relief, Security, and Democracy Promotion Act.



Barack Obama has announced his candidacy for United States President as of February of 2007. He bases much of his platform on duty to the American people as a public servant and the uniting of government co-operation across party lines. Being a younger candidate, he is the first Presidential candidate to focus on at least bringing some kind of regulation to the Internet, by making a stand for net neutrality and the right of all users to have democratic access to the Internet. He has demonstrated remarkable interest in technology issues, and has even met with companies like Google to discuss possible policy. He also has plans for early childhood education, math and science education.



Barack Obama is a revolutionary candidate in many ways. He is a rapid departure from the so-called "Good Old Boys" network of Caucasian oil billionaires and cronies. He is a centrist Democrat, taking a moderate-to-hard left Liberal stance while proposing that he can unite the government's two parties to work together. This means that he intends to pull the right wing over to his side, rather than try to please everybody by walking the line in between. Count on Barack Obama to also connect well with younger voters and "Generation Y".

short biography of Barack Obama - Part 1

No one can deny that Barack Obama is a fresh breeze blowing though the political landscape. In a country where every President has been a Caucasian European, he is a mixed-race candidate. When most Presidents lately tend to be on the old side, he is young. He has an advantage of experience in foreign countries, a patch-work of cultures and places in his background. He can blend in anywhere, identify with anybody, and connect with both sides across almost any chasm. So what kind of President is he going to make?


Upon being sworn into office as Illinois Senator in 2005, his first move was to recruit Pete Rouse as his Chief of Staff. Since Rouse was the former chief of staff to Senate Democratic Leader Tom Daschle, this was hailed as a smart move. He has sat so far on the Foreign Relations Committee, the Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee, the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, and the Veterans' Affairs Committee, as well as being a member of the Congressional Black Caucus.



He has been a very live wire in his position, having sponsored 152 bills and resolutions brought before Congress, and cosponsored another 427. He has been at the forefront of issues relating to border security and immigration reform. He has sponsored the "Secure America and Orderly Immigration Act", which was introduced by Senator John McCain, demonstrating that he can work across party lines. He also partnered with two Republican Senators, Richard Lugar and Tom Coburn, on two bills which bear his name today.



As a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he has made official trips to Eastern Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Russia, the Ukraine, and Azerbaijan. He is extremely good at diplomacy. After meeting with U.S. military members in Kuwait and Iraq in January 2006, he also visited Jordan, Israel, and the Palestinian territories. He has worked to encourage peace in the Middle East. He also made a special tour of South Africa, Kenya, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Chad, making speeches denouncing ethnic rivalries and corruption in Kenya.



He has also made some bold steps for campaign finance reform, especially denouncing situations in which a public servant would feel indebted to a lobbyist. In these times of grave concern over the increasing control that big corporations and monopolies have over our government, voters respond well to this message. He worked with other Democratic Senators after this to tighten regulations on what public officials can do on the taxpayer's dollar, and passed a bill to criminalize deceptive practices in federal elections.



He has also championed some environment and energy causes, passing a climate change bill to reduce greenhouse gasses, again with Senator John McCain, and promoting a bill for liquefied coal production. He has also introduced a bill, the "Iraq War De-Escalation Act," which proposes to cap troop levels in Iraq, begin phased redeployment, and remove all combat brigades from Iraq before April 2008. This is something he can point to, to say, "Look, all the candidates promise an end to the Iraq War, I actually did something about it." He has also introduced legislation to prevent nuclear terrorism, showing that he is still keeping national security in mind.



Obama has perhaps shined best in being progressively pro-Internet. Now, when it comes to technology, the United States has moved forward while its government seems to be stuck in the Stone Age. Amidst paranoia about "hackers" used by officials who don't even show a clear understanding of the definition of the word, the complete inability to manage the monopoly behemoth that Microsoft has become, meaningless and destructive software patents that are rubber-stamped without even being read, and such ignorant statements as when United States Senator Ted Stevens dismissed the Internet as nothing but a "series of tubes", the voters who are technology professionals and avid Internet users have a very good reason to believe that they might be members of some foreign country. It is no exaggeration to say that trying to get government officials to understand computing is like trying to explain rocket science to a cave man.



Enter stage left, Obama! He has met with executives at Google, has pledged to appoint a Chief Technology Officer to oversee the U.S. government's management of IT resources, has a commitment to net neutrality legislation, has said "once providers start to privilege some applications or web sites over others, then the smaller voices get squeezed out, and we all lose.", and to address the critical state of science education in America, he has put forward a plan for investments in early childhood education, math and science education, and expanded summer learning opportunities.



There is no doubt that Obama has the technology vote locked up. Any candidate who can actually mouth the words "open document format" will make IT professionals everywhere swoon. And likewise, he has some support from the non-white voter, and has captured the attention of the young voters like no other. He is a fresh thinker for a new generation of voters. Whether that's enough to get elected remains to be seen, but there is no doubt that he is in touch with today's issues.

short biography of AL Gore

While Al Gore is not currently in the race for the Presidency in 2008, there is an active and vocal draft movement to convince him to run. The speculation is that he's waiting to see how Hillary Clinton's campaign does, and if it looks like it's wavering and he could do better, he can then enter. Late entry won't hurt a high-profile candidate like Al Gore; he's had 8 years as Vice President and a second career as an environmental activist, even producing his own movie about global warming, so he's so much in the spotlight that he can hop in at any point and not be behind. there's also some talk that he might become a Green party candidate; certainly his ideas fit nicely with the party's. Hence, he's worth including.



Al Gore was born March 31, 1948 in Washington, D.C. He was likely to aim for politics since birth, having been the son of Albert Arnold Gore, Sr., the Representative and Senator from Tennessee, and a mother who was one of the first women to graduate from Vanderbilt University Law School. Growing up, he would spend most of the year in Washington with his parents, and every summer would return to Tennessee to work on the family farm growing hay and tobacco and raising cattle. He graduated from St. Albans School and went on to attend Harvard College. He graduated Harvard with a Bachelor of Arts degree in government in 1969.



The same year he graduated, he enlisted in the United States Army. Even though he opposed the Vietnam war at the time, he felt that it was his duty to serve in the military nonetheless. Although his tour looked to be off to a cushy start with his assignment as a military journalist writing for "The Army Flier", he was eventually shipped to the front lines in 1971. After just five months, he received a non-essential personnel honorable discharge due to his unit standing down, and returned to his studies, this time to Vanderbilt University for one year to finish out the terms of a scholarship.



He then spent five years as a reporter for "The Tennessean", engaging in a little investigative reporting which led to the arrest of some corrupt local councilmen.



Al Gore's first entry into politics came when Congressman Joe L. Evins retired from Tennessee's 4th district, leaving an open seat which he ran for. He was elected to this position, and won re-elections for Tennessee Representative 1978, 1980, and 1982. During his time in Congress, he served on the committees for Armed Services, Commerce, Science and Transportation, Joint Committee on Printing, Joint Economic Committee, and Rules and Administration. He also chaired the committees on Surface Transportation and the National Ocean Policy Study.



His most prominent act was when he introduced the Gore Bill, also known as the High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991. This was the critical turning point of technology legislation; it bridged the way from the Federal ARPANET to the modern Internet and eventually the World Wide Web. However, this is the bill which political commentators have since never ceased to jeeringly refer to as "when Al Gore created the Internet".



In a very real sense, this legislation actually did establish the modern web technology as we know it. It led to the development of the National Information Infrastructure, the creation of the high-speed fiber optic network which we have installed today, and gave us the National Center for Supercomputing Applications, which hired the programmers to develop the Mosaic project, headed by Netscape founder Marc Andreessen. Since Netscape's Mosaic spun off the Spyglass browser to sell to Microsoft, which it then developed into Internet Explorer, and Netscape also released Netscape Navigator, which went open source and became Mozilla which then in turn released Firefox and Thunderbird, and also since Netscape went on to become AOL, the America On-Line company, this act is in fact directly responsible for 99% of the programs we use to browse the web today. The Gore Bill, in a single act of legislation, gave us the wire in the ground, the network to run on that wire, and the software to use the network. If that isn't "taking the initiative in creating the Internet", then nobody can lay claim to doing better.







In 1984, the Tennessee Senate seat became vacant when Republican Majority Leader Howard Baker stepped down. Gore ran for and was elected to this office as well, and was to remain there until becoming the Vice President in 1993.



During his time as Senator, Gore twice attempted to get the U.S. government to pull the plug on support to Saddam Hussein, citing Hussein's use of poison gas, support of terrorism, and his burgeoning nuclear program, but was opposed both times by the Reagan and Bush administrations. The fact that he was to later see the developments of the Iraq war unfold under his protest must have been traumatic.



Be that as it may, he of course went on to serve as Vice President under the Clinton administration for eight years. He has since run for and been defeated for President in 2000, and has since been an activist for environmentalist causes. Regardless of whether he answers the draft for 2008 or sits it out a bit longer, American politics has not heard the last of Al Gore.

short biography of saddam hussein

Saddam Hussein was born in Al-Awja, Tikrit. His full name was Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti. He was born in 28 April 1937. His Dad was unknown when he was born. Little Saddam spent most his life with his uncle Khairallah Talfah in Baghdad. Talfah was a Sunni Muslim. He was a soldier in Iraqi war against the United Kingdom in 1941.

Saddam went to al Karh secondary school in Baghdad. Then he continued law school but he left his study in 1957 when he was 20. He connected to the revolutionary pan-Arab Ba’ath Party. His uncle supported him. Saddam worked as a secondary school teacher to earn his living. Saddam was very active man in political movement. He and other members of Ba’ath party tried to eliminate Iraq’s next president Abd Al-Karim Qasim. Qasim was safe from the attempt but his driver was died. Saddam was able to escape but other members were caught. He went to Syria. Next, he flew to Egypt and entered a law school.

Under Qasim’s rule , Saddam was caught when he went home to Iraq in 1963. He continued his political activities while he was in jail. He became the deputy of secretary of the Regional Command for Ba’ath party. He was able to escape from prison.

Saddam involved in successful Ba’athist takeover the power of Iraq. Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr became the Iraq’s president in 1968. Saddam’s political power increased during Al-Bakr’s government. Here were some his achievements as the deputy of Al-Bakr. He reconstructed Iraq infrastructure, industry, health , farming, education and social services. He also built up chemical weapon.

Saddam became the president of Iraq when Al-bakr failed to join Syria and Iraq as one country. Al-Bakr lost his political power so Saddam took the control and became the president on July 16, 1979. He seized 68 Ba’ath politicians after that. Saddam supported the Sunni Muslim in Iran after Khomeini guided Iranian revolution. Under Khomeini, Shi-ite developed as majority. Saddam organized his forces to attack Khuzestan in Iran. The conflict began to fear Arab world. A ceasefire took place on August 20, 1988.

He then invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990. His reason was that Kuwait was fraction of Iraq. UN security council applied economic sanction on Iraq. Saddam paid no attention to the deadline on January 15, 1991 so UN coalition forces went to Iraq and took Iraqi forces out of Kuwait. In 1990s Kurdish and Shi-ite followers increased. This was a threat to Saddam besides economic problem during the war. Iraqi air force broke the fly zone of United Nation. The United States shot a missile to Baghdad in 1993. Saddam was also asserted developing nuclear weapon in Iraq. The U.S. guided the invasion on Iraq in March, 2003. U.S. troops captured most of Iraq area in April. The Iraqi army began to guerrilla. U.S army succeeded to win Baghdad on April 9, 2003.

On December 13, 2003 Saddam was caught. He was arrested near Tikrit. He was brought to the U.S. base in Baghdad. The new Iraqi Government took him in trial for crimes against human right. He was found guilty and sentenced to death on November 5, 2006. The new government hanged him on December 30, 2006. He was buried in al-Awja.

Short biography of Albert Einstein

Einstein is a scientist. He is the inventor of theory of relativity. His full name is Albert Einstein. He was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm, Württemberg, Germany. His parents were Jewish. They were Hermann and Pauline Einstein. Einstein went to Luitpold Elementary school. He was interested to study math and science better than grammar. He followed his family to Italy. Then, he resumed his study at Swiss school in Aarau. He enrolled at Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich in 1896. He got diploma degree in teaching physics and math.

Albert Einstein

Einstein worked at the patent office in Switzerland. During his work in his office, he made much amazing project. He invented some scientific works in 1905. He found the theory of relativity in physics. He made a formula E= m.c2. E was Energy, m was mass, and c was the speed of light in vacuum ( ca.300,000 km/s).

Einstein became Privatdozent in Berne in 1908. He was also the professor of extraordinary in Zurich in 1909. He earned professor of theoretical Physics in Prague in 1911. He was the director of Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute and professor at the University of Berlin in 1914. He got a German citizen in the same year. He went to U.S. and settled in Princeton, New Jersey in 1940. He became a professor of theoretical physics there.

Works and Achievement

Einstein had some achievements and works. He wrote his projects. The most popular is about the theory of relativity. Einstein made experiments for his theory. His proven theory in 1919 made him a world famous scientist. Einstein went around the world for presenting his theory.

Here are some of his works.

- Theory of Relativity in 1905.

- Relativity in 1920 and 1950.

- General theory of Relativity in 1916.

- Investigations on theory of Brownian Movement in 1926.

- The Evolution of Physics in 1938.

He also wrote non science books.

- Zionism in 1930.

- Why war? in 1933.

- My philosophy in 1934.

- Out of my later years 1950.

He achieved successful career in science.

- Privatdozent in Berne in 1908.

- Professor Extraordinary in Zurich in 1909.

- Professor of Theoretical Physics in Prague in 1911.

- Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute and Professor at the University of Berlin in 1914.

- Professor of Theoretical Physics in Princeton.

He passed away on April 18, 1955 in Princeton, New Jersey. He had a daughter and two sons from his first wife Mileva Maric. His second wife was Elsa Lowenthal. 

short biography of mas oyama the Kyokushinkai karate founder

Oyama was a martial art artist. He was born on July 27, 1923 in Gimje, South Korea. His child name was Choi Young –Eui. He moved to Manchuria when he was a kid. He learned martial art when he was nine years old.. He studied with Lee. Lee was a Korean worker at farm. He was the Oyama’s teacher in martial art. In March 1938, Oyama moved to Japan. He pursued his brother who registered in Yamanashi Aviation School. It is Aviation school of Imperial Japanese Army.


Choi Young –Eui liked to find Japanese name. He named himself Oyama Masutatsu. Oyama wanted to serve as the kamikaze pilot but he failed because his origin. He wrote a letter with his blood as a symbol of sacrifice that he was ready to serve. Finally, he was accepted as a kamikaze pilot but at the time he wanted to serve, his plane did not work.

Oyama departed from Aviation school in 1945. He went to Eiwa Karate Research Center in Suginami. He was not needed because he was a Korean. Then he found a place in Tokyo. He met his future wife. He enrolled Waseda University. He studied sports science. He joined Shotokan dojo. He learned Shotokan karate in the school. Shotokan was established by Gichin Funakoshi. Oyama learned Goju-ryu karate for some years with So Nei Chu. Gogen Yamaguchi the leader of Goju-ryu awarded So Nei Chu 8th Dan.

Oyama founded his Karate school in 1953. The school was Oyama Dojo in Tokyo. His training system known as Kyokushin. Kyokushin is practical, hard, and powerful style. Kyokushin itself means the search for the ultimate truth. Kyokushin became popular and magnetized more students to learn. In 1964, Oyama moved to bigger building. He founded International Karate Organization Kyokushin kaikan ( IKO or IKOK). This organization aimed to manage karate dojos that teach Kyokushin style. Oyama sent three of his students to fight with Muay Thai students in Thailand. 2 won the fights. His students who demonstrated Kyoushin style were Kenji Kurosaki, Tadashi Nakamura, and Noboru Osawa.


Oyama was a good marketer. He could promote Kyokushin style all over the world. He sent his trainers to US, England, Australia, Brazil, and Holland. He held the all Japan full Contact Karate Open Championship annually and world Full Contact Karate Open Championship once in four years.

Oyama also learned Judo from a Judoka legend Masahiko Kimura. He learned Judo in the Sone Dojo in Nakano, Tokyo. Oyama received 4th Dan in Judo. He learned Judo because he wanted to understand the ground fighting techniques.

Oyama’s most popular demonstration was fighting bulls. He fought 52 bulls. Three bulls died by his one punch. He got a name “ Godhand”. However, many martial arts masters criticized his demonstration due to the bulls were tied with ropes. Oyama was a good writer too. He wrote 80 books. What is karate? Was one of his bestseller books.

Oyama died on April 26, 1994. He suffered from lung cancer. He died at the age of seventy. He founded Tokyo-Based International Karate Organization Kyokushinkai. There were 120 countries and 10 million members all over the world.

 

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 Mahathir mohammad,  osama bin laden, ibn taymiyyah,Shakespeare, J F kennedy,Soekarno , Bill Gates , Bonnie Prince Charlie , Florence Nightingale  , Horace Austin Warner Tabor ,  Bruce Lee , Che Guevara , Malcolm x, Colonel Sanders , Helio Gracie , mas oyamas

short biography of helio Gracie

Helio Gracie was a martial art expert. He named his style Jiu-Jitsu. He was born on October 1, 1913 in Belem do Para, Brazil. His skill in martial art had begun since he was teen. He trained Jujutsu class. He and his brother Carlos Gracie established Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Helio Gracie was nominated as the Man of the year on Black Belt Magazine in 1997. He also had high rank in Judo. He held 6th dan.


Helio Gracie had some children. They are Rickson Gracie, Royler Gracie, Royce Gracie, Relson Gracie, and Rorion Gracie. Rorion Gracie was the co-founder of Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ).

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu looked like Judo but Helio Gracie had developed and adapted some techniques. He created Gracie Jiu-Jitsu that later became Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. He adapted some Judo movement through long experiment. He learned to modify some techniques that suitable for small person. Judo’s movements sometimes were not appropriate for one whose small body. Gracie’s works had enabled small people to defend themselves and beat bigger opponents.

Helio Gracie started his pro fighter in 1932. He fought professional boxer Antonio, Portugal. He battled with professional wrestler Fred Ebert in the same year. He challenged professional wrestler from Polish, Wladek Zbyszko in 1934. Even though Wladek was twice bigger than Gracie, he could not win the fight. The fight was draw. Gracie overcame Taro Miyake, a judoka from Japan.





Gracie had some fights with Japanese Judoka. He fought Namiki in 1932. The fight had no winner. A sumo and Judoka Massagoishi was defeated when he fought against Gracie. Gracie was draw with Yasauici. He had match with Judoka Yukio Kato twice. First fight was at Maracana Stadium when there was no the winner. The second match was at Ibirapuera Stadium in Sao Paulo won by Gracie.

Masahiko Kimura defeated Gracie with reverse ude-garami (arm entanglement, shoulderlock) in 1951. Later, Brzilian Jiu-Jitsu named the technique as Kimura Lock as an honor to Kimura’s win. Gracie died on January 29, 2009 at the age 90.

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 Mahathir mohammad,  osama bin laden, ibn taymiyyah,Shakespeare, J F kennedy,Soekarno , Bill Gates , Bonnie Prince Charlie , Florence Nightingale  , Horace Austin Warner Tabor ,  Bruce Lee , Che Guevara , Malcolm x, Colonel Sanders , Helio Gracie , mas oyamas

short biography of muhammad ali

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His child name was Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. He was born on January 17, 1942 in Louisville, Kentucky. Ali had boxing skill when he was 12 years old. The story began when his bike was stolen. Ali said he wanted to fight the thief. He met a police officer, Joe Martin. Joe told him to learn to fight before confronting people. Joe was a boxer trainer at local sports club.

Shortly, Joe Martin couched Ali to be a boxer. Ali started his boxing career. His first fight was in 1954. Ali won the fight but he did not get his victory by knock out. Two years later, he won the Golden Gloves Championship. He also won the Amateur Athletic Union for the light-heavyweight class.

Ali succeeded on the U.S. Olympic in 1960. He fought in Rome, and Italy. Ali conquered Zbigniew Pietrxkowski from Poland and got the gold medal. Ali switched to professional after his Olympic triumph. His career in professional boxing seemed sky rocketed. He won most of his fights. His punches knocked out many rivals in his matches. He challenged the heavyweight champion from England Henry Cooper in 1963. He knocked out Sonny Liston and became the heavy weight belt holder in 1964. His philosophy in fighting was “float like a butterfly and sting like a bee”.

In 1964, Ali joined the black Islamic organization. He became a member of the Nation of Islam. Ali changed his name Cassius X. Later, he changed his name to Muhammad Ali. He was inspired by Malcolm X. In 1975, Ali switched be a Sunni Muslim. The U.S Department of Justice found him guilty because of rejecting of conducting military service in Vietnam. He refused the military service because he practiced a Muslim preacher.  The professional boxing federation confiscated his title and prevented from fights for more than three years. Ali’s refusal to grant service in Vietnam War had inspired youthful Americans of antiwar inspiration. 

His said “ War is against the teachings of the Holy Qur’an. I am not trying to dodge the draft. We are not supposed to take a part in no wars unless declared by Allah or the Messenger. We don’t take part in Christian wars or wars of any unbelievers”.

He also told the public these words” Man,  I ain’t got no quarrel with them Viet Congs…”

 these are other quotes “No, I am not going 10,000 miles to help murder, kill, and burn other people to simply help continue the domination of white slavemasters over dark people the world over. This is the day and age when such evil injustice must come to an end.

“Why should they ask me to put on a uniform and go ten thousand miles from home and drop bombs and bullets on brown people in Vietnam while so-called Negro people in Louisville are treated like dogs and denied simple human rights?”

 ( Wikipedia)                                                                               

Ali won his boxing License on August 12, 1970 in Atlanta. He showed gratitude to Senator Leroy R. Johnson. Ali’s first fight after his suspension was versus Jerry Quarry in October, 1970. He also had match against Oscar Bonavena at Madison Square Garden after New York State Boxing Commission returned Ali’s boxing license within the same year.

Ali had some well-known fights against his rivals. The following year after he grabbed his boxing license, he fought Joe Frazier. The fight was named” The fight of the Century”. Ali and Frazier battled for 15 rounds. Ali could not win the fight. He lost his title afterward. Ali underwent another defeat when he fought Ken Norton in 1973. Ali won fights in the second match against Norton and Frazier.

Ali stated publicly his retirement from boxing on July 27, 1979. However, he returned to fight against Larry Holmes for WBA title. That was when he suffered from trembling hands. He went to Mayo Clinic to have his health checked. Ali suffered from Parkinson’s syndrome. Ali still did fight against Trevor Berbick in December 1981. Following the match, he declared his withdrawal from fights.

After Ali retired from boxing, he was active in humanitarian activities. He went to Iraq and met Saddam Hussein to negotiate the free of American hostages. In 2002, he went to Kabul for good will mission as the UN guest. He was honored of lightning fire at the Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia in 1996. He founded non-profit institution named Muhammad Ali Center on November 19, 2005 in Louisville. He spent about $60 million for it. He received an honorary doctorate of humanities from Princeton University on June 5, 2007.

Ali married his first wife, Sonji Roi in 1964. He ended his marriage in 1996. In 1975 Ali met Veronica Porsche, and actress and a model. Ali and Veronica married in 1977. Ali had two daughters from Veronica. They were Hana and Laela ( a woman boxer). However, Ali and Veronica ended their marriage. In 1996, Ali married Yolanda ( Lonie). Ali adopted a son named Asaad Amin. He also had two other daughters Miya and Khaliah.
 

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