short biography of saddam hussein

Saddam Hussein was born in Al-Awja, Tikrit. His full name was Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti. He was born in 28 April 1937. His Dad was unknown when he was born. Little Saddam spent most his life with his uncle Khairallah Talfah in Baghdad. Talfah was a Sunni Muslim. He was a soldier in Iraqi war against the United Kingdom in 1941.

Saddam went to al Karh secondary school in Baghdad. Then he continued law school but he left his study in 1957 when he was 20. He connected to the revolutionary pan-Arab Ba’ath Party. His uncle supported him. Saddam worked as a secondary school teacher to earn his living. Saddam was very active man in political movement. He and other members of Ba’ath party tried to eliminate Iraq’s next president Abd Al-Karim Qasim. Qasim was safe from the attempt but his driver was died. Saddam was able to escape but other members were caught. He went to Syria. Next, he flew to Egypt and entered a law school.

Under Qasim’s rule , Saddam was caught when he went home to Iraq in 1963. He continued his political activities while he was in jail. He became the deputy of secretary of the Regional Command for Ba’ath party. He was able to escape from prison.

Saddam involved in successful Ba’athist takeover the power of Iraq. Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr became the Iraq’s president in 1968. Saddam’s political power increased during Al-Bakr’s government. Here were some his achievements as the deputy of Al-Bakr. He reconstructed Iraq infrastructure, industry, health , farming, education and social services. He also built up chemical weapon.

Saddam became the president of Iraq when Al-bakr failed to join Syria and Iraq as one country. Al-Bakr lost his political power so Saddam took the control and became the president on July 16, 1979. He seized 68 Ba’ath politicians after that. Saddam supported the Sunni Muslim in Iran after Khomeini guided Iranian revolution. Under Khomeini, Shi-ite developed as majority. Saddam organized his forces to attack Khuzestan in Iran. The conflict began to fear Arab world. A ceasefire took place on August 20, 1988.

He then invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990. His reason was that Kuwait was fraction of Iraq. UN security council applied economic sanction on Iraq. Saddam paid no attention to the deadline on January 15, 1991 so UN coalition forces went to Iraq and took Iraqi forces out of Kuwait. In 1990s Kurdish and Shi-ite followers increased. This was a threat to Saddam besides economic problem during the war. Iraqi air force broke the fly zone of United Nation. The United States shot a missile to Baghdad in 1993. Saddam was also asserted developing nuclear weapon in Iraq. The U.S. guided the invasion on Iraq in March, 2003. U.S. troops captured most of Iraq area in April. The Iraqi army began to guerrilla. U.S army succeeded to win Baghdad on April 9, 2003.

On December 13, 2003 Saddam was caught. He was arrested near Tikrit. He was brought to the U.S. base in Baghdad. The new Iraqi Government took him in trial for crimes against human right. He was found guilty and sentenced to death on November 5, 2006. The new government hanged him on December 30, 2006. He was buried in al-Awja.

Short biography of Albert Einstein

Einstein is a scientist. He is the inventor of theory of relativity. His full name is Albert Einstein. He was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm, Württemberg, Germany. His parents were Jewish. They were Hermann and Pauline Einstein. Einstein went to Luitpold Elementary school. He was interested to study math and science better than grammar. He followed his family to Italy. Then, he resumed his study at Swiss school in Aarau. He enrolled at Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich in 1896. He got diploma degree in teaching physics and math.

Albert Einstein

Einstein worked at the patent office in Switzerland. During his work in his office, he made much amazing project. He invented some scientific works in 1905. He found the theory of relativity in physics. He made a formula E= m.c2. E was Energy, m was mass, and c was the speed of light in vacuum ( ca.300,000 km/s).

Einstein became Privatdozent in Berne in 1908. He was also the professor of extraordinary in Zurich in 1909. He earned professor of theoretical Physics in Prague in 1911. He was the director of Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute and professor at the University of Berlin in 1914. He got a German citizen in the same year. He went to U.S. and settled in Princeton, New Jersey in 1940. He became a professor of theoretical physics there.

Works and Achievement

Einstein had some achievements and works. He wrote his projects. The most popular is about the theory of relativity. Einstein made experiments for his theory. His proven theory in 1919 made him a world famous scientist. Einstein went around the world for presenting his theory.

Here are some of his works.

- Theory of Relativity in 1905.

- Relativity in 1920 and 1950.

- General theory of Relativity in 1916.

- Investigations on theory of Brownian Movement in 1926.

- The Evolution of Physics in 1938.

He also wrote non science books.

- Zionism in 1930.

- Why war? in 1933.

- My philosophy in 1934.

- Out of my later years 1950.

He achieved successful career in science.

- Privatdozent in Berne in 1908.

- Professor Extraordinary in Zurich in 1909.

- Professor of Theoretical Physics in Prague in 1911.

- Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Physical Institute and Professor at the University of Berlin in 1914.

- Professor of Theoretical Physics in Princeton.

He passed away on April 18, 1955 in Princeton, New Jersey. He had a daughter and two sons from his first wife Mileva Maric. His second wife was Elsa Lowenthal. 

short biography of mas oyama the Kyokushinkai karate founder

Oyama was a martial art artist. He was born on July 27, 1923 in Gimje, South Korea. His child name was Choi Young –Eui. He moved to Manchuria when he was a kid. He learned martial art when he was nine years old.. He studied with Lee. Lee was a Korean worker at farm. He was the Oyama’s teacher in martial art. In March 1938, Oyama moved to Japan. He pursued his brother who registered in Yamanashi Aviation School. It is Aviation school of Imperial Japanese Army.


Choi Young –Eui liked to find Japanese name. He named himself Oyama Masutatsu. Oyama wanted to serve as the kamikaze pilot but he failed because his origin. He wrote a letter with his blood as a symbol of sacrifice that he was ready to serve. Finally, he was accepted as a kamikaze pilot but at the time he wanted to serve, his plane did not work.

Oyama departed from Aviation school in 1945. He went to Eiwa Karate Research Center in Suginami. He was not needed because he was a Korean. Then he found a place in Tokyo. He met his future wife. He enrolled Waseda University. He studied sports science. He joined Shotokan dojo. He learned Shotokan karate in the school. Shotokan was established by Gichin Funakoshi. Oyama learned Goju-ryu karate for some years with So Nei Chu. Gogen Yamaguchi the leader of Goju-ryu awarded So Nei Chu 8th Dan.

Oyama founded his Karate school in 1953. The school was Oyama Dojo in Tokyo. His training system known as Kyokushin. Kyokushin is practical, hard, and powerful style. Kyokushin itself means the search for the ultimate truth. Kyokushin became popular and magnetized more students to learn. In 1964, Oyama moved to bigger building. He founded International Karate Organization Kyokushin kaikan ( IKO or IKOK). This organization aimed to manage karate dojos that teach Kyokushin style. Oyama sent three of his students to fight with Muay Thai students in Thailand. 2 won the fights. His students who demonstrated Kyoushin style were Kenji Kurosaki, Tadashi Nakamura, and Noboru Osawa.


Oyama was a good marketer. He could promote Kyokushin style all over the world. He sent his trainers to US, England, Australia, Brazil, and Holland. He held the all Japan full Contact Karate Open Championship annually and world Full Contact Karate Open Championship once in four years.

Oyama also learned Judo from a Judoka legend Masahiko Kimura. He learned Judo in the Sone Dojo in Nakano, Tokyo. Oyama received 4th Dan in Judo. He learned Judo because he wanted to understand the ground fighting techniques.

Oyama’s most popular demonstration was fighting bulls. He fought 52 bulls. Three bulls died by his one punch. He got a name “ Godhand”. However, many martial arts masters criticized his demonstration due to the bulls were tied with ropes. Oyama was a good writer too. He wrote 80 books. What is karate? Was one of his bestseller books.

Oyama died on April 26, 1994. He suffered from lung cancer. He died at the age of seventy. He founded Tokyo-Based International Karate Organization Kyokushinkai. There were 120 countries and 10 million members all over the world.

 

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short biography of helio Gracie

Helio Gracie was a martial art expert. He named his style Jiu-Jitsu. He was born on October 1, 1913 in Belem do Para, Brazil. His skill in martial art had begun since he was teen. He trained Jujutsu class. He and his brother Carlos Gracie established Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Helio Gracie was nominated as the Man of the year on Black Belt Magazine in 1997. He also had high rank in Judo. He held 6th dan.


Helio Gracie had some children. They are Rickson Gracie, Royler Gracie, Royce Gracie, Relson Gracie, and Rorion Gracie. Rorion Gracie was the co-founder of Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ).

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu looked like Judo but Helio Gracie had developed and adapted some techniques. He created Gracie Jiu-Jitsu that later became Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. He adapted some Judo movement through long experiment. He learned to modify some techniques that suitable for small person. Judo’s movements sometimes were not appropriate for one whose small body. Gracie’s works had enabled small people to defend themselves and beat bigger opponents.

Helio Gracie started his pro fighter in 1932. He fought professional boxer Antonio, Portugal. He battled with professional wrestler Fred Ebert in the same year. He challenged professional wrestler from Polish, Wladek Zbyszko in 1934. Even though Wladek was twice bigger than Gracie, he could not win the fight. The fight was draw. Gracie overcame Taro Miyake, a judoka from Japan.





Gracie had some fights with Japanese Judoka. He fought Namiki in 1932. The fight had no winner. A sumo and Judoka Massagoishi was defeated when he fought against Gracie. Gracie was draw with Yasauici. He had match with Judoka Yukio Kato twice. First fight was at Maracana Stadium when there was no the winner. The second match was at Ibirapuera Stadium in Sao Paulo won by Gracie.

Masahiko Kimura defeated Gracie with reverse ude-garami (arm entanglement, shoulderlock) in 1951. Later, Brzilian Jiu-Jitsu named the technique as Kimura Lock as an honor to Kimura’s win. Gracie died on January 29, 2009 at the age 90.

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the Story of Spanish Armada Invasion to England

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Let me tell you the Story of Spanish Armada Invasion to England. Queen Elizabeth was born in 1533. She died in 1603. She was the ruler of England. She was courage and inspiring. Philip II of Spain had long hostile with England. He prepared the Invincible Armada in 1587. He committed to attack England. There had not been any military forces that came to the land since William of Normandy assaulted England.

The English was well known as the seaman. Many men had crossed Spanish seas with Drake and Hawkins, the commanders. Even though Queen Elizabeth did not prepare to defend her kingdom, English men took responsibilities to help her. On ground, troops were ready to wait for the Invincible Armada. Elizabeth was riding on her white horse. She said” My chief strength and safety is in the loyal hearts and good will of my subjects. I have come among you at this time resolved in the midst of battle to live or die among you all. I know I have but the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart of a king, and of a king of England, too, and will die rather than let’s Spain or any prince of Europe set foot in this kingdom”.

The Invincible Armada left Spain in May 1588. Drake and some men were playing bowls on Plymouth Hoe, in Devonshire. Devonshire was a town where many great sailors came from. The captain of the Golden Hind ran to Drake. He said that the Spanish ships were marching to the Channel. Some people were panic but Drake said calmly” come, lads, we’ve time to finish our game and beat the Spaniards too”.

The Invincible Armada was a huge mission. There were 130 ships. Drake let the Spanish ships enter the Channel. In the Channel, the ships could not move quickly due to heavy guns and powder. Drake commented,” These are mighty ships, great and strong, but we pluck their feathers little by little”.

The Invincible Armada went to the port of Calais. Those ships docked safely in the port. On 22 August, eight ships sneaked quietly toward the Spaniards. Those are old ships filled with dry wood and oil. The English sailors burnt the old ships and they run away on small boats.

The fire caused panic among the seamen of the Invincible Armada. Ships crashed against others as they tried to escape from the flames. The convoy of running the Invincible Armada soon disappeared. Those Spanish ships sailed to the North Sea. Drake and his men chased them until they reached the north of Scotland where there was dreadful storm. The storm blew the Invincible Armada away. It dragged the Armada to the Orkneys and the Irish coast. There were only 53 ships could sail home to Spain. The Invincible Armada went back without victory.

short biography of muhammad ali

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His child name was Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. He was born on January 17, 1942 in Louisville, Kentucky. Ali had boxing skill when he was 12 years old. The story began when his bike was stolen. Ali said he wanted to fight the thief. He met a police officer, Joe Martin. Joe told him to learn to fight before confronting people. Joe was a boxer trainer at local sports club.

Shortly, Joe Martin couched Ali to be a boxer. Ali started his boxing career. His first fight was in 1954. Ali won the fight but he did not get his victory by knock out. Two years later, he won the Golden Gloves Championship. He also won the Amateur Athletic Union for the light-heavyweight class.

Ali succeeded on the U.S. Olympic in 1960. He fought in Rome, and Italy. Ali conquered Zbigniew Pietrxkowski from Poland and got the gold medal. Ali switched to professional after his Olympic triumph. His career in professional boxing seemed sky rocketed. He won most of his fights. His punches knocked out many rivals in his matches. He challenged the heavyweight champion from England Henry Cooper in 1963. He knocked out Sonny Liston and became the heavy weight belt holder in 1964. His philosophy in fighting was “float like a butterfly and sting like a bee”.

In 1964, Ali joined the black Islamic organization. He became a member of the Nation of Islam. Ali changed his name Cassius X. Later, he changed his name to Muhammad Ali. He was inspired by Malcolm X. In 1975, Ali switched be a Sunni Muslim. The U.S Department of Justice found him guilty because of rejecting of conducting military service in Vietnam. He refused the military service because he practiced a Muslim preacher.  The professional boxing federation confiscated his title and prevented from fights for more than three years. Ali’s refusal to grant service in Vietnam War had inspired youthful Americans of antiwar inspiration. 

His said “ War is against the teachings of the Holy Qur’an. I am not trying to dodge the draft. We are not supposed to take a part in no wars unless declared by Allah or the Messenger. We don’t take part in Christian wars or wars of any unbelievers”.

He also told the public these words” Man,  I ain’t got no quarrel with them Viet Congs…”

 these are other quotes “No, I am not going 10,000 miles to help murder, kill, and burn other people to simply help continue the domination of white slavemasters over dark people the world over. This is the day and age when such evil injustice must come to an end.

“Why should they ask me to put on a uniform and go ten thousand miles from home and drop bombs and bullets on brown people in Vietnam while so-called Negro people in Louisville are treated like dogs and denied simple human rights?”

 ( Wikipedia)                                                                               

Ali won his boxing License on August 12, 1970 in Atlanta. He showed gratitude to Senator Leroy R. Johnson. Ali’s first fight after his suspension was versus Jerry Quarry in October, 1970. He also had match against Oscar Bonavena at Madison Square Garden after New York State Boxing Commission returned Ali’s boxing license within the same year.

Ali had some well-known fights against his rivals. The following year after he grabbed his boxing license, he fought Joe Frazier. The fight was named” The fight of the Century”. Ali and Frazier battled for 15 rounds. Ali could not win the fight. He lost his title afterward. Ali underwent another defeat when he fought Ken Norton in 1973. Ali won fights in the second match against Norton and Frazier.

Ali stated publicly his retirement from boxing on July 27, 1979. However, he returned to fight against Larry Holmes for WBA title. That was when he suffered from trembling hands. He went to Mayo Clinic to have his health checked. Ali suffered from Parkinson’s syndrome. Ali still did fight against Trevor Berbick in December 1981. Following the match, he declared his withdrawal from fights.

After Ali retired from boxing, he was active in humanitarian activities. He went to Iraq and met Saddam Hussein to negotiate the free of American hostages. In 2002, he went to Kabul for good will mission as the UN guest. He was honored of lightning fire at the Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia in 1996. He founded non-profit institution named Muhammad Ali Center on November 19, 2005 in Louisville. He spent about $60 million for it. He received an honorary doctorate of humanities from Princeton University on June 5, 2007.

Ali married his first wife, Sonji Roi in 1964. He ended his marriage in 1996. In 1975 Ali met Veronica Porsche, and actress and a model. Ali and Veronica married in 1977. Ali had two daughters from Veronica. They were Hana and Laela ( a woman boxer). However, Ali and Veronica ended their marriage. In 1996, Ali married Yolanda ( Lonie). Ali adopted a son named Asaad Amin. He also had two other daughters Miya and Khaliah.
 

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 Mahathir mohammad,  osama bin laden, ibn taymiyyah,Shakespeare, J F kennedy,Soekarno , Bill Gates , Bonnie Prince Charlie , Florence Nightingale  , Horace Austin Warner Tabor ,  Bruce Lee , Che Guevara , Malcolm x, Colonel Sanders , Helio Gracie , mas oyamas